In human males and females, how many pairs of chromosomes are identical?

Who was the first scientist to perform a series of experiments to study acquired and inherited traits?

$(i)$ Name the scientist who proposed the theory of evolution of species by natural selection.
$(ii)$ What conclusion did Mendel draw from his experiments regarding traits?
$(iii)$ Arrange the following organisms in the order of their evolutionary complexity: Cockroach,Mango tree,Gorilla,Fish.

Why did Mendel choose the pea plant $(Pisum \text{ } sativum)$ for his experiments?

$(a)$ How many gene sets should a germ cell have?
$(b)$ Mention two factors causing evolution.

Give the pair of contrasting traits for the following characters in a pea plant and mention which is dominant and which is recessive:
$(i)$ Yellow seed
$(ii)$ Round seed